Over the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has been largely built around large language models (LLMs). These systems are based on a language and guess words in a chain in the form of tokens.

For decades, intelligence was measured by the famous IQ, the intelligence quotient that summarizes in a single number our ability to solve logical problems or use language accurately. While the IQ ...

Logical Systems and Model Theory constitute a foundational area bridging mathematics, computer science and philosophy through the formalisation of reasoning. By abstracting the essential components of ...

Some people are really good at logical reasoning. They quickly recognize that a particular argument is well-structured and that one point follows clearly from the next. Other people seem more strongly ...

Khaberni - The year 2025 was not just a fleeting station in the course of artificial intelligence, but represented a historic ...