The innate immune response constitutes the body’s first line of defence against pathogens, utilising a network of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and signalling molecules to detect and neutralise ...

Pioneering research led by Brazilians describes the immune system's reactions in detail in the first living patient to receive a genetically modified pig kidney transplant.

Tissue-resident macrophages are crucial players in the immune system, acting as the first line of defense and maintaining tissue homeostasis by responding to various environmental challenges and ...

The immune system can work in two ways: the innate immune system reacts to any foreign invaders that are identified by immune cells that look for such pathogens; but the acquired or adaptive immune ...

Scientists discovered that vitamin D2 supplements can lower levels of vitamin D3, the form the body uses most effectively. Unlike D2, vitamin D3 enhances the immune system’s first line of defense ...